The Strongest 2025 Third Kit. Team: The Strongest. Season: 2025. Style: Third. Brand: Marathon Sports. League: Bolivian Primera División. Sponsor: KIA. Colors: brown, yellow. Select a size before adding this item to your cart. Check the product images for the design and finishing details.
Matchday Offer: The Strongest 2025 Third Kit
Original price was: £100.10.£16.68Current price is: £16.68.










